2007 Annual Report

The Courthouse

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Welcome to the Seminole County Courthouse.

In the next few minutes, I hope to give you a closer look at the courthouse and a better understanding of the work that is done here every day.

People come to the courthouse for a variety of reasons: some as witnesses or jurors, others to record a deed or conduct a title search; some come to pay a traffic ticket, others to file for divorce - or apply for a marriage license.

The courthouse is open from 8:00am to 4:30pm, Monday through Friday; a new case is filed every 59 seconds the doors are open to the public.

My office maintains records and files on cases as far back as 1913 when Seminole County was formed. Most are kept on microfilm, but we do maintain the physical files on some cases dating back to 1967. In fact, if you were to take all of the boxes of all of the files we do maintain and stack them on top of each other, the stack would reach nearly six miles into the air. In 2007, more than 49,000 files were added to that stack; to keep up, we scanned more than 3.1 million pages of documents.

This building first opened in 1972 and was originally designed to house all of Seminole County government. The county jail and Sheriff's Office were located next door and connected to the courthouse by a catwalk. In 1972, Seminole County's population totaled 107,300, or a little less than a third what it does today. As the county moved up in population, most of county government moved out; to the County Services Building on First Street, to the Juvenile Justice Center and county jail, to the Criminal Justice Center at Five Points, and most recently to the Record Center on Lake Mary Boulevard.

Today, the courthouse and annex houses the civil offices of the Clerk, the court administrator, five county judges and 12 courtrooms. About 1,000 employees work inside the courthouse, including 139 on my staff; still, space is at a premium.

The Criminal Justice Center houses eight of the county's nine circuit judges (one judge maintains his office at the Juvenile Justice Center), the Public Defender's Office, the State Attorney's Office, and 70 of my staff members.

The new Record Center houses the Micrographics, Land Records, Recording, and Purchasing Departments where people visit to record a deed or conduct a title search.

I hope you enjoy this look at the Seminole County Courthouse. I've put together a list of questions most often asked by the public. In answering these, I hope you'll feel more at home here. If my staff or I can be of any assistance, please call on us.

Recording

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Any time someone buys or sells a piece of property in Seminole County, the transaction is recorded in the Official Records Books of the county.

These records are kept, by law, so that any individual or business can find out who owns, or who has owned a piece of property; the legal description; who holds the mortgage; whether or not any liens have been filed against it, any judgments; or any other pertinent information about the property.

The Official Records Books contain much more than land records, of course. But land records do make up a majority and are requested most often by the public. As Clerk of the Courts, I am responsible for keeping the official records of the county and making them available to you.

The Recording Department is one of the busiest areas of the Clerk’s Office. Hundreds of new documents are submitted to us each day (in 2007, the average was 89.9 an hour). Title companies, law firms, credit bureaus and many private citizens use our offices to conduct tens of thousands of title searches each year. Twelve deputy clerks are assigned to Recording; they are responsible for accepting the documents, recording, cataloging and maintaining them on microfilm (a process that usually takes less than 48 hours) in our land records library located at the Record Center. The library is open to the public from 8:00am to 4:30pm, Monday through Friday. Complete sets of the official records are also maintained at our two branch offices, one in the Oak Grove Shoppes in Altamonte Springs; the other in the Wilshire Plaza in Casselberry.

Branch addresses can be found here.

What kinds of records are included in the Official Records Books?

Any record involving the sale or purchase, lease or lien of real property in Seminole County. The Official Records also include certain court orders (Orders of Dismissal and Final Judgments) issued in the county, satisfactions of those judgments, tax liens, military service discharges, marriage licenses and petitions of bankruptcy.

How many records are there?

As of December 31, 2007, there are more than 1,613,847 records dating back to 1913. The Official Records Books are made up of over 6,899 different volumes; since 1954, each volume has contained 2,000 pages. Last year, we recorded 178,383 documents - more documents than there were people in Seminole County 25 years ago.

What about birth certificates and death certificates?

Birth certificates and death certificates are not normally included in the Official Records Books. You can, however, obtain a copy at the County Health Department, 400 West Airport Boulevard, Sanford or by contacting the Bureau of Vital Statistics, 1217 Pearl Street, Jacksonville 32231, (904) 359-6900. Death certificates are available only if they have been recorded. All personal information has been redacted.

How can I find out if a lien has been filed against my property?

Start with your name and the year you bought your property and work forward. The Official Records Books are indexed by year, and by name (last year, 548,950 names were added to the index). If your property is listed on any document or in any action recorded, during the year, it will show up on the index for that year, along with the book and page number the specific document is assigned.

How much does it cost for a copy of an official record?

$1.00 per page.

Traffic

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Speeding is a multi-million dollar business in Seminole County. Last year, state troopers, deputy sheriffs and police officers handed out more than 95,000 traffic tickets; the total face value: nearly $10,973,000.

When you pay a ticket in Seminole County, you pay the Clerk. When you take a ticket to court, we set the date. When you receive an orange post card in the mail telling you your license has been suspended, we're the ones letting you know. Deputy clerks track each ticket, set any court appearances, collect the payments, and notify the Department of Motor Vehicles in Tallahassee if and when you've paid. The Criminal Department is located on the first floor of the Criminal Justice Center and is open from 8:00am to 4:30pm, Monday through Friday.

If you get a ticket and don't pay, or don't come to court, your license will be suspended. If you're stopped again, you can be arrested and taken to jail. Most people don't know. In 1991, we began a program - the first of its kind in Florida - of notifying drivers by mail when their license has been suspended. That's where the orange post card comes in. Last year, we mailed out more than 71,175 of these post cards; resulting in more than $9,822,150 in payments.

The Criminal Department is responsible for processing traffic tickets issued by the local police departments, the Seminole County Sheriff's Department, the Florida Highway Patrol and other state law enforcement agencies (when the ticket is issued in Seminole County). There are four types of cases filed in Traffic: criminal traffic violations, non-criminal violations, parking tickets, and violations of city and county ordinances.

The Criminal Department is responsible for scheduling all traffic cases that go to court; attending each court session; and recording dispositions of the court. The majority of traffic court hearings are held before hearing officers; hearings are held at the Lake Mary City Hall on Mondays; Winter Springs City Hall on Tuesdays; Seminole County Courthouse on Wednesdays; and Altamonte Springs City Hall on Thursdays. Those hearings that require a county judge are held on Fridays at 9:00 am at the Criminal Justice Center.

To pay a ticket, request a hearing, elect a school option, or seek other information, you should report to the Criminal Justice Center, or to one of our branch offices. The mailing address is: Clerk of the Circuit Court, Traffic Violations Bureau, P.O. Box 850, Sanford, Florida 32772. The Criminal Department is also responsible for collecting fines and costs in misdemeanor and felony cases.

What types of cases are heard in traffic court?

Hearing officers have the power to accept pleas and decide the guilt or innocence of any person, (adult or juvenile) charged with any civil traffic infraction who appears before them. Hearing officers have the power to adjudicate or withhold adjudication in the same manner as a county court judge.

County court judges hear cases involving property damage, or which result in the death or injury of a person.

What's the difference between a criminal traffic violation and a civil traffic infraction?

All speeding tickets are civil infractions. A civil traffic infraction is a non-criminal violation, not punishable by jail and which usually can be disposed of by payment of a fine or attendance of a defensive driving course. A court appearance is not required, (except in cases where the violation involves an accident with serious bodily injury to another). There is no right to a trial by jury or court-appointed counsel in traffic court.

Reckless driving, driving with a suspended license or driving under the influence are examples of criminal traffic violations. The penalties for these are generally much more severe.

Where do I make payment?

Clerk of the Circuit Court, Traffic Violations Bureau, P.O. Box 850, Sanford, Florida 32772- 0850; or by paying in person at the Criminal Justice Center or any of our two branch offices.

How much time do I have?

Traffic tickets must be paid within 30 days from the date of the ticket.

Can I pay by check?

Yes. Payment may be made in cash, check or money order. Credit/debit cards are not yet accepted, but will be in the near future; partial payments are not accepted. The check must contain the name of the person who received the ticket.

I live in another county. Can I pay my ticket there?

No. You must make payment in the county in which the citation was issued.

What happens if I miss the deadline?

Your driver's license will be suspended until you make payment; and you will be required to pay an additional civil penalty and service fee.

What other options do I have?

Civil traffic infractions may be satisfied by paying a fine, by entering a plea of not guilty and going to court, by electing to attend a driver improvement course, or by submitting an Affidavit of Compliance in cases involving safety equipment violations that you have corrected. Also, traffic tickets issued for failing to carry a driver's license, a registration certificate, or proof of insurance, may be dismissed for $7.50, if you furnish proof that you had the document at the time you were charged.

What if I want to go to court?

You must notify the clerk's office, in person or in writing, within the required 30-calendar-day time period. Include a copy of your ticket with the request. We will set the time and date of your appearance (generally in about 90 days) and notify you in writing. If, for some reason, you cannot attend your hearing, you may file an Affidavit of Defense. The affidavit is a notarized statement of your testimony that will be read in court in lieu of a personal appearance. Traffic Court is usually held at a hearing site nearest where the alleged infraction occurred.

Who will be present at the hearing?

The officer who issued the traffic ticket, any witnesses called by the officer, any witnesses you may wish to call, a deputy clerk and the hearing officer or judge.

What happens if I'm found guilty?

The judge or hearing officer may order you to pay the fine and court costs, not to exceed $500.00, except in those cases involving speeding in a school zone or construction zone, or involving a death. In addition to the fine, the judge or hearing officer may order you to attend a defensive driving course or perform community service, or impose other penalties. If you fail to comply with the court order in the time allotted by the court, your driver's license will be suspended (until you comply) and additional late fees will be imposed.

What do I do if my license is suspended?

In most cases, you can pay to have your license reinstated without having to go to court. First, you must take care of whatever infraction caused your license to be suspended in the first place; and, second, you must pay a $47.50 reinstatement fee. We are linked by computer to the Department of Motor Vehicles. Again, in most cases, we can reinstate your license immediately.

Can the clerk's office tell me about points?

No, deputy clerks cannot offer advice concerning the number of points assessed against your license or how points will affect your insurance. You must address these concerns to the Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles and/or your insurance agent.

Where can I get a copy of my driving record?

The Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles in Tallahassee. The cost is $2.10 for a three year history. Certified copies are $3.10 each regardless of year. Your request must be made in writing, and include payment (cashier check or money order) to the Driver's License Bureau of Records, P.O. Box 5775, Tallahassee, FL 32314. You should receive your copy approximately three weeks from receipt of request.

Defensive Driving School

Can I go to traffic school instead of paying my ticket?

Yes, you can choose traffic school - but with two important conditions: First, you must be charged with a civil traffic infraction; and, second, you must not have attended traffic school within the past year, or more than five times in your lifetime. You still have to pay a fine, court costs and other assessments. However, attending traffic school will keep points off your driving record.

What are the benefits?

There are three. One, no points will be assessed against your driver's license. Two, by attending a defensive driving course, the violation will be entered on your driver history record as an "adjudication withheld. Three, the civil penalty you must pay will be reduced by 18 percent.

How much does it cost?

Costs vary, depending on the school you attend. You must pay the ticket (the fine reduced by 18 percent), plus the cost of the course.

How do I sign up?

Come to the courthouse or one of the two branch offices. You must enroll, attend and complete an approved driving course within 60 days of enrolling. You are required to submit a certificate of completion to the Clerk's office.

What happens if I sign up to attend a defensive driving course, but don't go?

You will be required to pay back the 18 percent discount amount and pay a $15.00 processing fee. If you fail to pay these two amounts, your license will be suspended. Also, the original points stemming from the violation will be assessed on your driving record.

How many times may I attend a defensive driving course?

Once every 12 months, but no more than five times in your lifetime. (If you sign up to attend a defensive driving course but don't go, your enrollment still counts toward the one-year and lifetime limits.)

What if I receive a ticket outside of Seminole County?

You must sign up for school and pay the fines and costs in the county in which your ticket was issued. However, you may attend a defensive driving course approved by the State of Florida in the location of your choice.

Who should I contact for more information?

The Traffic Division of the Seminole County Clerk's Office at (407) 665-4450. You will need to contact the driver improvement schools directly for information on hours and costs. You will find them listed in the yellow pages of the phone book or visit the Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles' website for a list of providers.

Criminal

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Today and tonight, and each day and each night in Seminole County, approximately fifty different people - on average - will be arrested.

Most will be taken to the John Polk Correctional Facility at Five Points. Three out of every four will be charged with a misdemeanor. Most will never stand trial.

Each arrest is the first step in a careful and complex process designed to resolve most criminal matters long before the first juror is sworn; a process that includes:

My office is responsible for recording each step in the process - from the arrest to the trial, to any appeal, and for maintaining each criminal case file. Last year, 19,962 criminal traffic, misdemeanor, felony and juvenile cases came through the courthouse; 295 went to trial.

Deputy clerks are responsible for administering oaths to witnesses and juries; receiving and marking exhibits; reading verdicts in jury trials; and preparing jail orders and judgments for fines and costs. The Clerk's Office also is responsible for the inventory, storage and disposal of evidence presented in criminal and civil trials and hearings. (Criminal evidence must be held three years; civil evidence, 90 days). The evidence clerk is also responsible for securing, storing and disposing of electronic tapes of court proceedings.

All appeals are filed with the Clerk's Office as well. (Circuit Court judges hear appeals from the County Court; the Fifth District Court of Appeals in Daytona Beach hears appeals from Circuit Court).

In Florida, there are two types of crimes, two types of trials. Misdemeanors, petit theft, for example, or driving under the influence, are crimes that can be punished by up to one year in the county jail. Third arrests become felonies. Felonies, the more violent or serious crimes, can be punished by death, or imprisonment in a state penitentiary. Jury trials, by definition, are those trials decided by a panel of six or twelve impartial citizens, selected at random from the community. Non-jury trials are decided by a judge sitting alone.

In Seminole County, misdemeanor cases are heard in county court, felonies in circuit court. Juvenile cases are heard by a circuit court judge sitting alone. Sixty-two deputy clerks are assigned to the criminal department; eight are assigned to the collections department, both located on the first floor of the Criminal Justice Center. Seven are assigned to the Juvenile Department, located at the Juvenile Justice Center at Five Points. The criminal departments are open from 8:00am to 4:30pm, Monday through Friday.

Felony

Felony charges include, but are not limited to, murder, manslaughter, robbery, aggravated battery, aggravated child abuse, sexual battery, kidnapping, burglary, grand theft, willful or aggravated fleeing and eluding a police officer, forgery and passing worthless checks.

Felonies are classified into five categories, based on the severity of the crime:

Currently, four circuit judges hear felony cases. At least one deputy clerk is assigned to take minutes of each hearing or trial (a court reporter also is present).

By law, all persons arrested must come before a judge within 24 hours of arrest except when they have posted bond for a preset amount. (The judge will review the charges against the accused and determine if probable cause exists to hold him in jail). The judge also may set bail at that time. Two deputy clerks are assigned to these daily "first appearances." First appearances also are held on weekends and holidays, and are rotated between all the county and circuit judges.

Grand Jury

On the third Monday in April and the first Monday in November, a grand jury is impaneled to inquire into capital offenses within the county. The grand jury consists of no fewer than 15 jurors and no more than 21 jurors. There must be a quorum, of at least 15 grand jurors, present at any one time in order to proceed. A deputy clerk must be present at the end of each session to receive and file any presentments, indictments or "no true bills" filed by the grand jury. A "no true bill" is filed when the grand jury finds no probable cause to indict.

Upon the filing of an indictment, and if the individual named is not in custody, the clerk is directed to issue a capias for arrest. The indictment and presentment are sealed and not subject to public view until the individual is arrested or one year has elapsed between the return of the indictment.

Misdemeanor

Misdemeanor charges include assault, battery, child abuse, disorderly conduct, petit theft, trespass, and passing worthless checks; Criminal Traffic charges include driving under the influence, driving while license suspended or revoked, driving without a valid driver's license, and reckless driving. Non-criminal violations include careless driving, unlawful speed, running a red light, failure to show proof of insurance and possession of open containers of alcoholic beverages in a vehicle.

Misdemeanors are classified into two categories:

Currently, five county judges hear all misdemeanors.

How do I find out what has happened to a case, the name of the judge, or what charges have been filed?

All criminal cases are a matter of public record; most are available to you through our office. You can ask to see the file on any case we have on hand, or pay to have a copy made (at $1.00 per page) as long as that case has not been sealed by the court or has not been designated a "non- public" case. (For example, all juvenile cases are non-public). Each file will include the name of the judge, defendant and prosecutor, a list of charges filed, and the status of the case. We provide indexes to cases in both our county and circuit criminal departments; and a public access computer inquiry system. The system is located on the first floor of the Criminal Justice Center. We do not provide detailed information on criminal cases over the telephone.

How will I know when and where I go to court?

If you've been arrested, you'll be given the time, date and place of your court appearance when you make bail. If you've been summoned by our office, the information will be included in the notice. If you're still unsure, call our office at (407) 665-4500.

How do I get my evidence back?

Contact the presiding judge.

How do I get my bond money back?

There are two basic types of bonds: surety bonds, issued by bail bondsmen, and cash bonds, put up by the defendants themselves. Cash bonds are refundable - unless they've been forfeited during the case or applied to fines and court costs; surety bonds are not. We refund cash bonds by mail, generally within ten days of the close of each case.

What if I want to appeal a decision?

By law and by right, any defendant can appeal any decision of the judge or the jury. County court appeals are heard in circuit court. Circuit court appeals are heard in the Fifth District Court of Appeals in Daytona Beach. The Appeals Department is located on the fourth floor of the courthouse.

What will it cost me to appeal?

Filing fees vary: $251.00 to file an appeal from county court to circuit court; $350.00 to file an appeal from circuit court to the Fifth District Court of appeals and the Supreme Court. You also will be charged the cost of preparing the appellate record.

A Step into the Future

As Seminole County has grown, so too, has the number of criminal cases. In 1972, the total was just under 9,000 - for the entire year. Ten years later - that number had swollen to 13,947. In 2007, the number of criminal cases in Seminole County has exceeded 25,000 a year. This has placed an enormous strain on the system. One judge, for example, might hear as many as 200 arraignments in a single three to four hour stretch.

To keep up, we are working to automate the paperwork within the system. In the spring and summer of 1990, our office was the first in Florida to introduce bar-coding to the courtroom.

With this program, court clerks - working with a light pencil and a master chart of accounts not unlike the bar codes you'll find on any grocery store shelf - record proceedings directly into the official computerized record; eliminating the need to take notes by hand in the courtroom, and only later enter the same information by keystroke into the computer.

Bar coding in the courtroom was honored by Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government as one of the top 73 innovations in governments in the United States in 1992.

Collections

With the advent of full state funding of the state courts in the fall of 2004, the bench, the Bar, the Department of Revenue, and the State Legislature have placed an increased emphasis on courthouse collections. Seminole County is one of the leaders in implementing a formal criminal fines and fees collections program and currently is enjoying more than a 34 percent start-up collection rate.

The Clerk's Office currently is tracking 37,407 criminal court cases in the system, with fines and fees totaling $17,159,325.37. Of that amount, we collected $10,600,572.71, or 61 percent, since October 1, 2004.

When a defendant receives a notice to appear in Court from the Clerk's Office, he or she is advised that fines and costs are payable the day they are assessed by the court. Financial hardship cases are referred to collections for a payment agreement. A service fee of $25 is assessed for a payment plan for six months or less. Cases are monitored regularly and immediate contact is made with the defendant if a payment is missed.

Juvenile

Juvenile cases are divided into three categories: delinquency cases, dependencies and those involving children or a family in need of services. All are confidential and held outside public view or inspection.

Delinquency cases are those involving a child alleged to have committed a delinquent act or a violation of law. If found guilty, a child can be committed to the Department of Juvenile Justice until the child's 19th birthday (or 21st birthday if child is an habitual offender). Also, a child can be placed on probation until their 19th birthday or issued a judicial warning. If the child is a 1st time offender, he or she can be referred to the PAY Program (Arbitration). The Juvenile Division also has a program called Drug Court.

Dependency cases are those involving a dependent (or alleged to be dependent children). These cases are initiated by an attorney for the Department of Children and Family Services or any other person who has knowledge of the facts. The purpose of seeking a dependency ruling is to protect the child; not to punish the parents. The court retains jurisdiction until the child's 18th birthday.

"Children in need of services" means those children who do not fit into either the dependent or delinquent categories. Some examples:

Two circuit judges are assigned to hear juvenile delinquency and dependency cases. The General Magistrate is assigned to hear juvenile dependency cases. The Clerk's Office is responsible for accepting court fees.

Domestic Relations

Nobody wins a divorce; there are only losers and victims. Too often, those victims are children.

In granting a divorce - and Seminole County judges handled 1,982 of them in 2007 - a judge will often order one parent to pay a certain sum of money to the other. In many cases, the money is earmarked for the children. My office acts as the middleman.

Mandated by the federal Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, the state - starting October 1, 1999 - will require child support payments to be made directly to a central site in Tallahassee. The new law applies to all income-deduction orders entered after January 1, 1994; or to any Department of Revenue Title IV-D cases. The central site, in turn, will be responsible for printing and mailing child support payments to the court- ordered recipients.

The Domestic Relations Department also plays a key role in preventing continued abuse in cases of domestic violence. If you're the victim, a victim's advocate in the State Attorney's Office will help you prepare the forms necessary to seek a court order, or injunction. A judge will receive these forms and, in turn, may issue a restraining order protecting you from any further harm.

In 2007, we helped more than 2,013 victims of domestic violence.

Domestic Relations also maintains the court files on adoptions, name changes and court-ordered child support and alimony payments. The division is located on the first floor of the courthouse and is open from 8:00am to 4:30pm, Monday through Friday. Nineteen deputy clerks are assigned to the department.

How can I find out when I made my last payment?

Contact the Domestic Relations Department with your case number and name. We will provide you with a current payment record, including the date of your last payment. The cost is $1.50 per year, per term.

Can I call for the information?

Domestic Relations cases are available to anyone at the courthouse. However, we provide information over the phone only to those parties specifically named in a given case.

Can I pay my ex-wife/ex-husband directly?

Yes, but only if the arrangement was included in the final judgment.

I cannot afford the filing fees. What can I do?

Filing fees are set by state law. The fee for a divorce is $363.00. If you cannot afford to pay that amount, you can prepare your own petition and ask to be declared insolvent. If you are declared insolvent, we will set you up on a payment plan.

What is a simplified divorce?

Simplified divorce is a simple, inexpensive means of ending a marriage for those couples who meet the eligibility requirements.

What are the requirements for a simplified divorce?

Where can we file for a simplified divorce?

You may file at the courthouse or either branch office [DIRECTIONAL LINKS].

What do we need to bring with us?

You and your spouse must come to the Clerk's Office together and jointly file the paperwork. You both need to bring:

Do we need an attorney?

An attorney is not required for a simplified divorce. However, if you or your spouse has any doubt regarding eligibility, you should consult with an attorney prior to filing.

What does it cost to file for a simplified divorce?

The filing fees for a simplified divorce are set by Florida Statute and are subject to change as a result of new laws. The current fee for filing a simplified divorce is $363.00; the cost of the forms is $1.50.

How long will it take for our divorce to become final?

There is a mandatory 20-day waiting period before a hearing can be held. A hearing will be scheduled at the earliest possible date after that period has expired. You and your spouse must both appear in court on the scheduled hearing date.

Upon granting the divorce, the judge will sign a Final Judgment.

What happens next?

The final judgment will automatically be recorded in the Official Records Books of the County. At the conclusion of the hearing, both parties will receive a certified copy of the final judgment.

Can we change our mind after we have filed for a simplified divorce?

If, after filing for simplified divorce, you believe your marriage can be saved, you and your spouse are required to come to the Clerk's office and sign a voluntary dismissal of the case.

Domestic Violence

If a member of your household has committed a crime against you resulting in physical injury, or has made verbal threats against you, you may have grounds to seek an "Injunction for Protection against Domestic Violence." This protection is available to you if that person presently resides with you (as a member of the family), or has lived together with you in the past, and can be identified as:

What is an injunction?

It is a court order (sometimes called a "restraining order") that gives clear and specific directions to a party or parties prohibiting violence. Anyone violating the court order, once it is served, is subject to arrest.

Where can I obtain an injunction?

You should obtain the forms necessary to seek an injunction from the Court Advocate, State Attorney's Office, 101 Bush Boulevard, Sanford (407) 665-6226. You file these forms with the Clerk's Office (Domestic Relations Department).

If an incident or threat occurs after regular business hours or on weekends or holidays, you should obtain the necessary forms at the John E. Polk Correctional Facility, Booking Office, 211 Bush Boulevard, Sanford, (407) 665-1200. A duty judge will be available to review your petition.

What do I have to do to file an injunction?

If you are the victim of domestic violence, contact the Sheriff's Office or your local police department immediately. Once you've filed the police report, come to the State Attorney's Office (between the hours of 8:00 am and 5:00 pm) and the victim's advocate will assist you in the preparation of your request for an injunction. If it's after hours or a weekend, the police or sheriff will contact a judge directly.

What are the costs?

There are no fees required for an injunction.

What can an injunction do for you?

The injunction provides such relief as the court deems proper, including:

What happens after the judge grants the temporary injunction?

A formal hearing is scheduled (usually within 15 days of the injunction being issued). The respondent must be served with a copy of the petition, Notice of Hearing and the Temporary Order. If the respondent is not served by the time of the hearing, the judge may extend the temporary order and again set it for hearing. You must attend the hearing or your petition will be dismissed. (In Seminole County, the judge may determine that a hearing should be held first, before an injunction is issued. In that case, a Notice of Hearing would be issued to both parties.)

Generally, injunctions are granted for one year. During the hearing, the judge will determine whether or not to extend the injunction or enter a permanent order. The judge's final order can establish custody, child support or exclusive use of the home.

Before the injunction expires, you may petition the court to modify the terms, to dismiss it or extend it (or file a motion for contempt if the other party fails to comply). Forms necessary to file for modification are available in the Clerk's office.

Copies of all injunctions are placed on file with local law enforcement agencies.

Community Resources Law Enforcement

Legal Services

Crisis Counseling

Food

Shelter

Civil

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Americans want their day in court.

In Seminole County alone, more than 1,362 civil suits are filed each month; the total number of pleadings - or pages - of all the suits filed this year would cover the floor of the Florida Citrus Bowl three times over.

Still most civil suits - like most criminal cases - are settled short of the courtroom; some even on the courthouse steps. Of the 16,343 civil suits (not counting divorce cases) filed in Seminole County in 2007, only 87 were decided in a formal trial.

The Civil Courts Division consists of the following departments:

Civil suits range in size and scope from disputes over an unpaid bill to disputes over land and title or wrongful death; from a few dollars to many million. Unlike criminal cases, in which the state serves as prosecutor, civil suits involve private citizens on both sides; one - the plaintiff - prosecuting a claim against another - the defendant. It is the responsibility of the plaintiff to move a case through the system.

Civil cases are classified by dollar amount:

The majority of the evictions filed are heard in county court; likewise, the foreclosures are generally heard in circuit court, however, because of the jurisdictional limit (amount of the mortgage being foreclosed) some cases could be filed in county court.

Fourteen deputy clerks are assigned to the County Civil Department; nineteen to the Circuit Civil Department. Both departments are located on the first floor of the courthouse and are open from 8:00am to 4:30pm, Monday through Friday.

Landlord and Tenant Disputes

A lease is an agreement to rent property. It may be written or oral. Most are written, however, because oral agreements can be subject to misunderstandings. A written lease can be in the form of a formal contract or simply a copy of a letter that states the rights and obligations of both tenant and landlord. Florida law requires that most notices to and from a landlord must be in writing, even if the rental agreement is oral. In cases where there is no written lease, the term of your rental payment schedule (monthly, weekly, biweekly) will determine the length of the agreement in the eyes of the law.

What rights do I have as a tenant?

Your rights as a tenant or as a landlord are spelled out in Florida Statutes. The following is a series of citations for your use and information:

What rights do I have for access to the premises?

Florida Statutes 83.53 (1)(2)(3);

What is my landlord's obligation to maintain the premises?

Florida Statutes 83.51;

What are my obligations to maintain the premises?

Florida Statutes 83.52;

What do I do if the landlord does not comply?

Florida Statutes 83.56 (1)(a)(b);

What happens if I don't comply?

Florida Statutes 83.56 (2)(a);

What happens if I fail to meet any or all other lease obligations?

Florida Statutes 83.56 (2)(b);

What happens if I don't make my rent payments?

Florida Statutes 83.56 (3)(4)(5);

Can my landlord throw me out of my home?

Florida Statutes 83.67 (1)(2)(3);

How long is my lease in force?

Florida Statutes 83.46;

Either party giving proper written notice may terminate a lease (with a specific end date), as follows:

Tenancy Written Notice:

What else should I know?

Small Claims

Small claims are decided in a "People's Court" setting, simpler, speedier and more informal than regular county or circuit civil court. Often, in a small claims case, both the plaintiff and defendant will represent themselves.

What is a small claims case?

A small claims case is a legal action filed in county court to settle minor legal disputes among parties where the dollar amount involved is $5,000.00 or less, excluding costs, interest and attorney fees.

How do I file a small claim?

You must make your claim in writing, on the "Statement of Claim" form. You must state the dollar amount owed. You must name the defendant by proper name, telephone number, and complete address. You should explain exactly why you think you are owed the money.

Do I need a lawyer?

No, it is not necessary to have a lawyer. Small claims court is considered a "Peoples Court" and a lawyer is not required. Clerk's office personnel will provide you with the necessary\forms for filing a small claims case.

Who can file?

Any person eighteen years old or older or any individual doing business as a company may file a small claims case. A parent or guardian may file on behalf of a minor child. Each person who is a party to the claim must sign the necessary paperwork. If you are filing a Replevin, that paperwork must be notarized or signed in the presence of a deputy clerk.

How much will it cost?

Between $55.00 and $255.00, based on the face value of your complaint. The Seminole County Sheriff charges $20.00 per defendant to serve a summons in Seminole County. Filing fees for small claims actions are determined by Florida Statutes and are subject to change by legislative action. Fees also vary in accordance with the dollar amount of your claim and the type of action.

Other fees are required for service on the parties you are suing and are dependent on the type of service you select. A current schedule of filing fees is available to you in any clerk's office for your information.

What information do I need to file a small claims case?

To file a small claim, the action in dispute must have taken place in Seminole County, the defendant must reside in Seminole County, or the contract must have been entered into Seminole County. It is important that you file your claim against the right party.

Copies of any contracts, notes, leases, receipts, pictures or other evidence you may have in support of your claim must be furnished for each person you are suing as well as the court. You will need to bring the originals to your first court appearance. A full explanation of your reason for the small claims action will be necessary. You may wish to write this explanation out at home and bring it with you when you come to the courthouse.

Are there other requirements?

Any time you sue someone other than an individual, there is additional information needed to complete the necessary forms.

For example, are you suing an individual doing business as a company, a partnership where there are several people doing business as a company, a corporation and are they incorporated, or an insurance company? It is important for you to research this information carefully.

What happens after I file my small claims case?

Each person or business you are suing must be served with a summons or notice to appear in court on the date and time scheduled when you filed your claim.

At the pre-trial conference, mediation is ordered (if both parties to the dispute are present and unable to settle their dispute). A mediator acts to encourage and find a resolution. It is informal and non-adversarial. In mediation, decision-making authority rests with the parties.

If the dispute cannot be settled at the pre-trial conference (or in mediation), a trial date will be scheduled. You must appear at the trial with all witnesses and documentation of your claim.

At the trial, you will have an opportunity to explain your case to the judge, ask the person(s) you are suing questions concerning your claim, present your documentation as discussed at the pre- trial conference and call on your witnesses to help explain your case.

Why use mediation?

The judge will require mediation because mediation is economical. Both parties view settlement as fair. There is one court meeting. You do not need to subpoena witnesses or evidence and depend on their presence at trial. You do not have to conduct extensive trial preparation. Mediation preserves personal and business relationships. It allows debtors to arrange repayment plans; avoid a judgment, and preserve credit reputation. Mediation protects privacy and avoids the publicity of trial.

Can I have a jury?

Yes, a trial by jury may be requested by the person(s) filing the small claims case [plaintiff(s)] upon written demand at the time the case is filed. Someone being filed against [defendant(s)] may request a jury trial within five days after service of notice or at the pre-trial conference.

How do I set a hearing?

The pre-trial hearing is set automatically.

When do I come to court?

Usually, within 35 to 50 days. Pre-trial hearings are scheduled only on Tuesdays; trials throughout the week.

What happens at the pre-trial hearing? At the trial?

The pre-trial hearing is not a trial, but it is an important step in the process. The judge will review the case and decide whether or not it should go to trial. He also will encourage you to settle. During the trial, the judge will hear the evidence, take testimony, and issue a final judgment - either in the courtroom immediately following the completion of the trial, or in writing several days later.

What happens to my case if a settlement is reached (outside of court)?

If, at any time in the proceedings a settlement is reached between the parties, the plaintiff(s) [person(s) who filed suit] must notify the Clerk, in writing, of the settlement.

If I win, how do I collect?

You have several options: You can record a certified copy of the final judgment in the Official Records of the county. You can file a Judgment Lien Certificate with the Department of State and obtain a Writ of Execution, directing the sheriff to seize and sell the defendant's property to settle the debt. Or you can file a Motion for Garnishment, attaching the defendant's wages or bank account.

Can I file a lien against the defendant's property?

If you choose to place a judgment lien against the defendant's property, you should obtain a certified copy of your judgment and have it recorded in the Official Records of the county. Fees for recording are set by statute and are subject to change by legislative action. Contact the Clerk's Recording Department for current fees.

How do I get a judgment off my credit report?

Contact the plaintiff and settle the debt. (In some cases, my office will accept payment on behalf of the plaintiff when the plaintiff cannot be located). Once the debt is paid, you should request and receive a Satisfaction of Judgment. The forms are available in my office. You should record the satisfaction in the Official Records.

County and Circuit Civil

The steps through county and circuit civil court are far more complicated - and time-consuming. In these cases, the plaintiff is almost always represented by an attorney.

Again, the lawsuit begins with a complaint. We accept the complaint in my office, and issue a summons provided by the plaintiff, giving the defendant 20 days or more in which to file an answer.

How do I find out if I'm being sued?

You should receive a summons, either by mail or by hand delivery, notifying you of any legal action against you. If you are still unsure, contact the county or circuit civil departments. Our case files are computerized; we can cross-check your name against the files in just a few seconds. There is no charge.

Is there a charge for filing an answer?

No.

What are the filing fees?

Again, the fees are based on the face value of the complaint, and range from $55.00 to $255.00 for a small claim; $80.00 to $255.00 in county court, and $255.00 in circuit court.

Will the court appoint an attorney to represent me?

No.

What happens if I don't file an answer?

The plaintiff can move for default and summary judgment, or other relief requested.

Marriage Licenses

At least once a day, the courthouse and its two branch offices double as a wedding chapel or a passport office.

Here in the courthouse, the Marriage License and Passport Office is located on the first floor, and is open from 8:00am to 4:30pm, Monday through Friday. The West Branch Office, located in the Oak Grove Shoppes in Altamonte Springs, and the East Branch Office, located in the Wilshire Plaza in Casselberry, are open from 8:30am to 5:00pm.

The cost of a marriage license is $93.50; for $30.00 more, a deputy clerk will perform the marriage here at the courthouse. The cost of a marriage license is reduced to $61.00 when counseling is taken through a premarital course. In 2007, we issued 3,281 marriage licenses and performed 1,053 marriage ceremonies.

The rules are simple:

To apply for a marriage license, you must be 18 years old or older; you and your fiancée must apply together in person, and you must both present either a valid driver's license or a certified copy of your birth certificate. You must pay in cash or money order.

Who can apply?

Is consent of both parents required?

Unless the parents are divorced and the custody and control of the minor is assigned to one parent. Written consent of an incompetent parent is not required (Attorney General Opinion 49- 122). All written consent must be notarized or signed before a deputy clerk.

Do I have to be a Florida resident or an American citizen to obtain a marriage license?

No. Residency and citizenship are not required.

Are blood tests and physical exams required?

No. The law requiring these tests was abolished October 1, 1986.

Must I apply for a marriage license in the county in which I live?

No, a marriage license may be applied for and solemnized in any Florida county. However, the marriage license must be recorded in the county where it was obtained.

Where can I apply for a marriage license in Seminole County?

A marriage license may be obtained Monday through Friday in the courthouse or any one of our branch offices.

How long is my license valid?

Sixty days from the date the license is issued.

Who may perform marriage ceremonies?

Who is a regularly ordained minister?

He/she is a minister who has been recognized in the manner required by the regulations of the respective denomination to perform marriage ceremonies.

May a marriage be solemnized without a license?

No. Section 741.08 F.S. states that the party solemnizing the marriage shall require a properly issued license before performing the ceremony.

When and who should return the license to the clerk?

A marriage cannot be officially recorded until the license is returned to the clerk. It should be returned within 10 days after the wedding. The party who performed the marriage or the couple are responsible for returning the completed license.

Can I be married in the clerk's office?

Yes, the Office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court performs wedding ceremonies between 8:00am and 4:30pm, Monday through Friday. Branch offices perform wedding ceremonies between 8:30am to 4:30pm, Monday through Friday. The fee is $30.00 (payments must be made in cash).

Can I pay for my marriage license with a personal check?

Checks are not accepted for payment of a marriage license fee. Cash only.

How do I get a copy?

Once you apply, we will issue you an original marriage license immediately. The license must be completed the day of your wedding. When your marriage license is returned, it is recorded automatically in the Official Records of the County. One certified is supplied by the Clerk's Office free of charge, however, you can obtain additional certified copies from the Land Records Department; the cost is $2.50.

Where to write for a copy of your marriage license:

Department of HRS
Division of Vital Statistics
P.O. Box 210
Jacksonville, FL 32231-0042
(904) 359-6955

or

If you were issued your marriage license in Seminole County, contact:

Land Records
Clerk of the Circuit Court
P.O. Box 8099
Sanford, FL 32772-8099
(407) 665-4409

How can I get an annulment?

You should contact an attorney.

Why does a marriage license cost so much?

The fee you pay helps fund a number of worthwhile programs around the state: Twenty-five dollars of the $93.50 goes to pay for domestic violence centers; $7.50 to the Displaced Homemakers Trust; $4.00 to the Bureau of Vital Statistics; $25.00 to the Family Court Trust Fund. We keep $32.00.

Changing information on documents

If your marriage means a change in name and/or address, remember to make the following important notifications:

Passports

Effective March 8, 2005, the cost of a passport is $67.00 plus postage ($52.00 if you are under the age of 16).

To apply for a passport, you must be an American citizen (you do not have to be a Florida resident). You must present either a current or expired passport or a certified copy of your birth certificate. You must provide two identical, two-inch by two-inch, professional passport photos; image size measured from the bottom of the chin to the top of the head (including hair) should not be less than 1" nor more then 1 3/8"; in color; plain white or light colored background. You must also present a valid photo identification.

Separate passports are required for all adults and children traveling abroad. Effective February 1, 2004, adults and children must apply in person. Effective July 2001, both parents must sign for children under the age of 14.

You will make two payments in applying for a passport: One, a $67.00 passport fee ($52.00 if under the age of 16) paid to U.S. Department of State; two, a $30.00 handling fee, plus postage, to the Clerk of the Circuit Court. Payment to U.S. Department of State must be made by check or money order; payment to the Clerk must be made in cash, check, or money order.

How long will it take to get a passport?

Generally, within eight to ten weeks, unless you expedite the process.

Where can I get a passport photo?

Most commercial photographers, drug stores, and major department stores provide passport photos, some immediately.

How long is my passport valid?

Ten years, if you are 16 years old or older at the time you apply; five years if you're not.

Where can I get a birth certificate?

Most states provide certified copies of birth certificates through their Bureau of Vital Statistics. In Florida, the Bureau can be contacted by calling (904) 359-6900, or writing:

State of Florida
Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services
Vital Statistics
Post Office Box 210
Jacksonville, Florida 32231

If you were born in Florida, you can now obtain a certified copy of your birth certificate at the Seminole County Health Department, 400 West Airport Boulevard, Sanford, Florida 32773.

Probate

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In times of crisis - a mental or physical breakdown, or substance abuse - the courts will order an assessment and treatment if needed. If someone dies, the courts will ensure that his property and possessions are divided honestly and fairly. If a child is left alone, or if someone has grown too old or too feeble to care for themselves, the courts will appoint a guardian. In most cases, these decisions are made at the Circuit Court level by the county's Probate judge.

In 2007, the court appointed 175 guardians; ordered treatment 920 mental health cases; and 881 estates for probate. My office is responsible for maintaining the files and auditing the accounts of these cases. The Probate Department is located on the first floor of the courthouse. Four deputy clerks are assigned to the department.

Wills and Estates

What is probate? Probate is a legal process through which the assets of a deceased person are properly distributed to the heirs or beneficiaries. The Court oversees the estate to make sure debts are paid and proper distribution is made.

What is a will? When and where should it be filed?

A will is a document executed by a person to dispose of his or her property after his or her death. It generally names a personal representative to administer the estate. After the death of the person, the custodian of the will must deposit the will with the Clerk of the Circuit Court, within ten (10) days after receiving information that the person is deceased. The custodian should supply the person's date of death or the person's social security number to the Clerk upon deposit of the will, if this information is available.

Do you need an attorney to deposit a will?

No, an attorney is not necessary to deposit the will with the Clerk of the Circuit Court. However, you may want to consult with an attorney before filing so that he or she may determine whether Probate proceedings will be necessary. The filing fee is $6.00.

Are there different types of proceedings depending on the size of the estate?

There are four basic types of proceedings for administering the decedent's estate:

What happens if a person dies and has left no will?

The property will be distributed in accordance with Florida law.

What happens if there is a will filed but no personal representative has been named?

It will be necessary for an attorney to petition the Court to appoint a personal representative to administer the estate if there are assets in the decedent's name alone.

How are probate proceedings initiated?

Probate proceedings are initiated with the filing of a petition by an interested person asking to be appointed personal representative or to distribute property depending on size and complexity of property. The petition is normally prepared by an attorney. The personal representative will be responsible for the estate until all bills are paid and the balance of the estate is distributed to the rightful beneficiaries and they are discharged by the court.

What type of paperwork must accompany the form for filing a disposition of personal property without administration?

The following must provided:

What happens after this information is filed with the clerk?

The court will enter an order either allowing or disallowing the release of assets. A certified copy of the Order is then mailed to the petitioner.

My spouse has died. Do I have to go through probate just to gain access to the checking account?

Yes, if the account is held solely in the name of an individual who has died. Any asset, including a checking account that is frozen at the time of death, cannot be made available to you without some sort of court order.

What if the account is in both our names?

No. In that case, the checking account (and all assets owned in both your names) passes to you by rights of survivorship. However, you should record a certified copy of the death certificate in the Official Records of the county without cause of death.

Do I get the death certificate from you?

No. Death certificates are obtained from the Health Department of the county where the decedent died.

When will the court appoint a guardian?

Generally, if a child is living apart from his natural parents, or if he has received a financial settlement or inheritance of $15,000 or more. The court will appoint a guardian for an adult if he is no longer able to care for himself or his property.

Can I represent myself?

Yes, if you are the sole heir to an estate. But you should know the law. You must be represented by counsel in a guardianship.

Finance

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Government in America today is big business; big business with a catch. Like a business, most government operations are measured by the size of their budget or dollars spent - often counted in the millions and billions. But unlike a business, most government operations don't turn a profit. Ultimately, most government operations rely on the taxpayer to foot the bill.

The clerk's office in Seminole County is different. We pay our own way and we turn a profit. Every year. The Clerk's Office is funded through the fines and fees you pay when you come to the courthouse. No tax dollars are involved. Our office is one of only a handful in the state funded through excess fines and fees. And it's important to remember that we keep only a small portion of the payment you make.

For example, for each dollar we collect on a traffic ticket, we keep 1/2 cent (plus court costs); for every child support payment we process, we keep between $.81 and $4.27. In 2007, we collected $145,054,451 in fines, fees, court costs, child support and alimony payments, and other assessments. We kept $19,729,068. With that, we were able to meet all the costs of running the Clerk's Office - including a staff of 227.

















With what was left over, we were able to transfer $450,386.09 to the County Commission and $710,710 to the state. In the last ten years, we have generated and transferred more than $13,364,821 million in cash to the county; and since 2007, we’ve transferred more than $2,058,399 million to the state. The amount of money flowing in and out of the courthouse would rival that of a small bank:


On any given day, we receive $69,750.86 in child support and alimony payments, and
$62,711.59 in traffic tickets and other fines and fees. A typical daily bank deposit for our office includes 890 separate checks or money orders, and $39,712.34 cash.


Most of that we turn around and pay back out; either to the state or to local government or, in the case of a child support payment, to a specific individual. Child support payments are processed within 24 hours of receipt. Each week, we cut more than 400 checks.


The five deputy clerks assigned to Clerk’s Finance are responsible for keeping the books and keeping track of all the dollars in and dollars out. The Finance Department also includes the Purchasing, Personnel and Statistical Reporting divisions, and is responsible for tabulating and reporting case flows to the State Supreme Court. Two additional deputy clerks are assigned to Personnel, three to Purchasing, and two to Statistical Reporting. Finance, Personnel and Statistical Reporting are located on the fourth floor of the courthouse; Purchasing is located at the new Record Center; and Criminal Statistical Reporting is located at the Criminal Justice Center.

Purchasing

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Each morning, the three deputy clerks assigned to Purchasing collect 1,300 or more pieces of mail from the post office; every night, they send out 1,200 pieces of mail. In between, they provide all the forms and file folders, pens and paper – and the storage space – necessary to keep the courthouse, Criminal Justice Center, Juvenile Justice Center, Record Center, and its two branches running.

And business is brisk.

Each year, we order more than 4,000,000 sheets of copy paper, 870 cartons of computer forms, 350,000 envelopes, 95,000 folders, and several hundred boxes of assorted pens, pencils and paper clips. The size of our purchases range from five dollars (for a signature stamp) to $100,000.00 (for a computer software program).


To guarantee the lowest possible price, the highest discount, the quickest delivery, we shop each order among more than 50 different vendors; most of them located here in Seminole County. In 2007, we placed approximately 720 separate orders, totaling more than $930,000.

The Board of County Commissioners

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Imagine reaching for a checkbook a foot and a half thick, a bank statement arriving at your door in two or three shopping bags – each one filled with cancelled checks. Imagine making up a bank deposit each night with more than 1,000 different items.

Of all the duties and responsibilities assigned to the Clerk – and there are more than 960 of them – none is more important than keeper of the county’s checkbook.

The Constitution of the State of Florida designates the Clerk as the county’s recorder, the county’s auditor and the county’s chief financial officer. What that means is that my staff and I make sure the county’s bills are paid on time, and that the county maintains the highest credit rating possible.

It might seem unusual: the Clerk, a judicial officer, serving as the custodian of all county funds. The independence of the position however, provides an important check and balance to county government, and a bridge between the two – the legislative and judicial branches of government.

As treasurer, I deposit and disburse the county’s funds. I cut the checks. I make payroll – and in 2007, the county’s payroll was more than $71 million; or $2.7 million biweekly.

As auditor, I review and approve each of the county’s bills, prior to payment, and in 2007, that number topped $499 million. I also examine outside sources of income – franchise fees, for example, or utility tax receipts – to determine whether or not the county is receiving all the money owed to it; and those organizations receiving money from the county, to guarantee that the money they do receive is spent and recorded properly. I will also conduct internal audits of county government operations, and make recommendations to the County Commission for improvements.

As chief financial officer, I manage and invest the county’s reserve or surplus funds. We make sure the county’s dollars are put to work earning interest. In 2007, we generated $36.4 million in investment income in the low interest rate environment. In 2007, we generated more than $22.4 million in investment income; income that helps offset the need to increase taxes on the citizens of Seminole County.

It’s a complicated job, one that requires more than 200,000 different accounting transactions each year, or about 800 transactions a day. But it’s a job we do well. For twenty-five consecutive years, Seminole County has received the highest national award for excellence in financial reporting from the Government Finance Officers Association of the United States and Canada. Seminole County was one of only a few counties in the United States so honored.

The County Finance Department is separate and distinct from the Clerk's Finance Department. Nineteen deputy clerks are assigned to County Finance. The department is located in the County Services Building, 1101 East First Street in Sanford, in the old Fish Memorial Hospital building. County Finance is open from 8:00am to 5:00pm, Monday through Friday.

Board of County Commissioners

The constitution gives the Clerk one more hat to wear (and more than a few meetings to attend), that of a sixth county commissioner.

The constitution designates the Clerk an ex officio (non-voting) member of the Board. My staff and I attend each meeting of the Board: We record each meeting, prepare, distribute, index the minutes, and keep files on all documents (i.e. leases, agreements, contracts, resolutions, bids and ordinances) approved by the Board. In 2007, that meant 22 different meetings, 245 different resolutions, and 50 ordinances.

Also, I am Clerk to the Value Adjustment Board (VAB), which consists of three County Commissioners and two School Board members. The VAB hears petitions relating to objections to property assessments, complaints relating to homestead exemptions, appeals for exemptions denied, and appeals regarding ad valorem tax deferrals and classifications.

As Clerk to the VAB, my staff and I attend each meeting of the VAB. We record each meeting, prepare minutes, and accept and process each petition (including scheduling and notifying petitioners of their hearings and results of same). In 2007, there were 811 VAB petitions filed.

Three deputy clerks are assigned to Board of County Commission records. The department is located on the second floor of the County Services Building on East First Street.

Information Services

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Once it would have seemed impossible; the stuff of dreams and science fiction writers: all the information contained in all the files – all the names and places, all the charges and dispositions, all the pleadings and payments – fitting into computers the size of three refrigerators.

Today, those computers are the heart and soul of the courthouse’s departmental systems. Highly specialized, designed to be the best for what they do.

Today, the technology exists to allow attorneys to file motions without ever having to leave their office; judges to conduct trials by live video without ever having to set foot in the courtroom; private citizens to thumb through courthouse records without ever having to come to Sanford.

The trick is to keep up with the rapid pace of technology.

The courthouse currently operates on a state of the art HP platform. It serves approximately 110 courthouse users including all branch offices, over 90 Criminal Justice Center users, 10 Record Center users, and through the county network another 350+ users. The systems are also connected through the county’s network to the Sheriff’s Office, State Attorney’s Office, Public Defender’s Office, Probate’s Office and Supervisor of Elections Office. Through internet connections, the systems also are connected to the Florida Department of Law Enforcement, Department of Motor Vehicles and the Florida Association of Court Clerks in Tallahassee.

The courthouse’s HP computer systems are fully networked throughout the courthouse and its branches, allowing all users access to multiple application systems with just a few keystrokes.

The job of maintaining the HP platforms and the departmental applications falls to the Information Services Department. Ten deputy clerks have the responsibility for maintaining the HP platforms, network, fourteen department applications and literally hundreds of users.

Micrographics

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Any walk through the courthouse would not be complete without answering one final question: Where does all the paper go?

The answer, simply enough, is Boyers, Pennsylvania.

There, deep within an abandoned coal mine, in a vault built to withstand a nuclear blast, microfilm copies of the Official Records of Seminole County find a final resting place in the National Underground Storage Facility. It is the last stop in a complex process designed to preserve and protect the permanent records of government in this county; a process driven by the technicians and the cameramen working in Micrographics.

There are fifteen deputy clerks assigned to the department; seven are located at the Record Center and eight are located in the Criminal Justice Center. They will scan more than three million pieces of paper this year. Working with one of three scanners, each technician will scan up to 2,000 pages an hour, or one new scanned image every two seconds, eight and a half hours a day, 249 days a year. It’s a stream of paper that rarely falls off. The scanned images are then placed on microfilm.

Documents recorded in the Official Records are produced by computer output method. Copies of the Official Records are sent to each branch office, the Property Appraiser, the Right of Way Agent and to Boyers.

Micrographics will scan pleadings for each court file, each progress docket, the minutes of each county commission meeting and hundreds of other types of public records. Most are reduced to a six-inch by four-inch microfische. Most stay right here in the courthouse in a vault.

The original files, however, move on.

State law requires all original non-microfilmed documents to be placed in storage, some for five years, some ten, some as long as seventy-five years. These originals are kept in the county’s storage facility. Once that storage period has expired, the original files are destroyed, the paper recycled.

Micrographics will sell paper of the microfilmed documents to the public. The department is located at the new Record Center and at the Criminal Justice Center, and is open from 8:00am to 4:30pm, Monday through Friday.



The Branches

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All that’s missing are the courtrooms.

Perhaps the best way, and the easiest, to describe the Clerk’s two branch offices is to describe them as two storefront courthouses. Connected by fiber and modem to the central computer system in Sanford, the two branch offices offer virtually the same services as the main courthouse; without a delay, without the 12-mile drive.

You can pay a traffic ticket at the branches; you can pay for and drop off a document to be recorded. You can apply for a passport or a marriage license; you can file suit. You can even conduct your own title search: each branch contains a complete set of the Official Records Books dating back to 1974.

The first office, the Altamonte Springs branch, opened more than 15 years ago. Today, that branch is located in the Oak Grove Shoppes, 995 North State Road 434, Suite 403, just north of Jamestown Boulevard. The Casselberry branch opened five years later. That branch is located in the Wilshire Plaza, 376 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 376, just off State Road 436 between Red Bug Road and U.S. Highway 17-92.

Five deputy clerks are assigned to the Casselberry branch; five to Altamonte Springs. Both offices are open from 8:15am to 5:15pm, Monday through Friday. This year, the two branches will serve more than 80,000 people.

Can I sign up for Defensive Driving School at the branches?

Yes. But the same conditions apply (See page seven).

I received a ticket today. Why can't I pay for it today?

Because the law enforcement agency that issued you your ticket has not delivered the original to the Criminal Department. You can pay the ticket today (from your yellow copy) at the main courthouse in Sanford, or you can pay by mail.

Will court be held here?

No. Court is held at the courthouse in Sanford or by hearing officers at various locations. Hearing officers have the power to accept pleas and decide the guilt or innocence of any person, adult or juvenile, charged with any civil traffic infraction and has the power to adjudicate or withhold adjudication in the same manner as a County Court Judge under the statutes, rules and procedures presently existing.

County Judges may hold any person in contempt of court; hear a case involving an accident resulting in injury or death; or hear a criminal traffic offense.

Can I make my support payments at the branch? Can I record a document?

Yes. You can make any payment at a branch that you would normally make at the courthouse. You can submit a document for recording, and pay the fee, at the branch. The original will be recorded in Sanford the following day, and returned to you by mail.

Can I get the name of the owner of a piece of property from the records in the branch offices?

You should have the name. If you have only an address, we will refer you to the property appraiser's office. The branches contain a complete set of land records dating to 1974, with complete indexes back to 1968. These records are updated daily. To view records prior to 1974, you should come to the courthouse.

Where is the nearest driver license office?

There are two locally: one at 1251 East Airport Boulevard in Sanford, and one at 940 West Canton Avenue in Winter Park.

Can I get my occupational license, automobile tag or fishing license here?

No, these functions are handled by the Tax Collector's Office located on the first floor of the County Services Building at 1101 East First Street in Sanford. There are also branch offices located in the Oak Grove Shoppes, diagonally across from the Clerk's branch office; and in the Wilshire Plaza, two doors down.